CERTguide Oracle 9i Database Fundamental 2 Study Guide

Networking Overview

    Explain solutions included

      with Oracle9i for managing

      complex networks

    Describe Oracle networking

      add-on solutions

“multi-threaded server (MTS) - shared server 

Net8 - Oracle Net to describe the software that provides connectivity

Net8 - Oracle Net Services to encompass Oracle Net, the listener, and Oracle Connection Manager

Net8 communication stack layer - Oracle Net foundation layer

Net8 Configuration Assistant - Oracle Net Configuration Assistant

Net8 Manager - Oracle Net Manager”

http://download-west.oracle.com/otndoc/oracle9i/901_doc/network.901/a90154/whatsnew.htm#967650

Basic Oracle Net Architecture

    Explain the key components

      of the Oracle Net layered

      architecture

    Explain Oracle Net Services

      role in client server

      connections

    Describe how web client

      connections are established

      through Oracle networking

      products

"Oracle Net is a software layer that resides on the client and the Oracle database server. It is responsible for establishing and maintaining the connection between the client application and server, as well as exchanging messages between them, using industry-standard protocols.”

http://download-west.oracle.com/otndoc/oracle9i/901_doc/network.901/a90154/intro.htm#444814

"

The primary function of Oracle Net is to establish and maintain connections between a client application and an Oracle database server. Oracle Net is comprised of several communication layers that enable clients and database servers to share, modify, and manipulate data. "

http://download-west.oracle.com/otndoc/oracle9i/901_doc/network.901/a90154/architec.htm#1047763

Basic Net Server-Side Configuration

    Identify how the listener

      responds to incoming

      connections

    Configure the listener using

      Oracle Net Manager

    Control the listener using the

      Listener Control Utility (lsnrctl)

     Describe Dynamic Service

      Registration

    Configure the listener for IIOP

      and HTTP connections

"

The listener is a separate process that runs on the database server computer. It receives incoming client connection requests and manages the traffic of these requests to the database server. This chapter describes how to configure the listener to accept client connections."

http://download-west.oracle.com/otndoc/oracle9i/901_doc/network.901/a90154/listener.htm#475293

"

Oracle Connection Manager is a proxy server, an intermediate server that forwards connection requests to the database server or to other proxy servers. It has three primary functions:

Session multiplexing

Access control

Protocol conversion"

http://download-west.oracle.com/otndoc/oracle9i/901_doc/network.901/a90154/cman.htm#475293

Basic Oracle Net Services

Client-Side Configuration

    Describe the difference

      between host naming and

      local service name resolution

    Use Oracle Net Configuration

      Assistant to configure: Host

      Naming, Local naming

      method, Net service names

    Perform simple connection

      troubleshooting

"

This chapter introduces the various administration tools of Oracle Net Services. It discusses the main administration application, Oracle Net Manager, and describes how to launch and navigate through it. It also introduces the command line control utilities.

This chapter contains these topics:

Oracle Net Manager

Oracle Net Configuration Assistant

Oracle Net Control Utilities

Configuration and Administration Tasks at a Glance"

http://download-west.oracle.com/otndoc/oracle9i/901_doc/network.901/a90154/admintoo.htm#484885

Usage and Configuration of

the Oracle Shared Server

    Identify the components of

      the Oracle Shared Server

    Describe the Oracle Shared

      Server architecture

    Configure the Oracle Shared

      Server

    Identify and explain

      usefulness of related

      dictionary views

"

Shared server is an architecture that enables a database server to allow many user processes to share very few server processes, so the number of users that can be supported is increased. With shared server, many user processes connect to a dispatcher. The dispatcher directs multiple incoming network session requests to a common queue. An idle shared server process from a shared pool of server processes picks up a request from the queue. This means a small pool of server processes can serve a large number of clients. "

http://download-west.oracle.com/otndoc/oracle9i/901_doc/network.901/a90154/mts.htm#453787

Backup and Recovery Overview

    Describe the basics of

      database backup, restore and

      recovery

    List the types of failure that

      may occur in an Oracle

      environment

    Define a backup and recovery

      strategy

"

In general, backup and recovery refers to the various strategies and procedures involved in protecting your database against data loss and reconstructing the data should that loss occur. The reconstructing of data is achieved through media recovery, which refers to the various operations involved in restoring, rolling forward, and rolling back a backup of database files."

http://download-west.oracle.com/otndoc/oracle9i/901_doc/server.901/a90133/intro.htm#1004597

Instance and Media Recovery

Structures

    Describe the Oracle

      processes, memory

      structures, and files relating to

      recovery

    Identify the importance of

      checkpoints, redo log files,

      and archived log files

    Describe ways to tune

      instance recovery

"

Several structures of an Oracle database safeguard data against possible failures. This section introduces each of these structures and its role in database recovery.

This section contains these topics:

Redo Logs

Rollback and Undo Segments

Control Files" 

http://download-west.oracle.com/otndoc/oracle9i/901_doc/server.901/a90133/intro.htm#1004914

"

Crash recovery is used to recover from a failure either when a single-instance database crashes or all instances of an Oracle Real Application Clusters database crashes. Instance recovery refers to the case where a surviving instance recovers a failed instance in an Oracle Real Application Clusters database."

http://download-west.oracle.com/otndoc/oracle9i/901_doc/server.901/a90133/recov.htm#1005045

Configuring the Database

Archiving Mode

    Describe the differences

      between Archivelog and

      Noarchivelog modes

    Configure a database for

      Archivelog mode

    Enable automatic archiving

    Perform manual archiving of

      logs

    Configure multiple archive

      processes

    Configure multiple

      destinations, including remote

      destinations

"

This chapter offers guidelines and considerations for developing an effective backup and recovery strategy. It includes the following topics:

Backup Strategies

Restore and Recovery Strategies"

http://download-west.oracle.com/otndoc/oracle9i/901_doc/server.901/a90133/strategy.htm#1656

Oracle Recovery Manager

Overview and Configuration

    Identify the features and

      components of RMAN

    Describe the RMAN repository

      and control file usage

    Describe channel allocation

    Describe the Media

      Management Library interface

    Connect to RMAN without the

      recovery catalog

    Configure the RMAN

      environment

"

Recovery Manager (RMAN) is a client application that performs backup and recovery operations. The Recovery Manager environment consists of the various applications and databases that play a role in a backup and recovery strategy.

The RMAN environment can be as simple as an RMAN executable connecting to a target database, or as complex as an RMAN executable connecting to multiple media managers and multiple target, recovery catalog, and auxiliary databases, all accessed through Oracle Enterprise Manager. Table 4-1 lists possible components of the RMAN environment.

"

http://download-west.oracle.com/otndoc/oracle9i/901_doc/server.901/a90135/rmanarch.htm#430706

User-Managed Backups

    Describe user-managed

      backup and recovery

      operations

    Discuss backup issues

      associated with read

      tablespaces

     Perform closed database

      backups

    Perform open database

      backups

    Back up the control file

    Perform cleanup after a failed

      online backup

    Use the DBVERIFY utility to

      detect corruption

"

This chapter introduces database concepts that are fundamental to backing up a database.

This chapter includes the following topics:

Physical and Logical Backups

Whole Database and Partial Database Backups

Consistent and Inconsistent Backups

Online and Offline Backups

RMAN and User-Managed Backups"

http://download-west.oracle.com/otndoc/oracle9i/901_doc/server.901/a90133/backup.htm#1005571

RMAN Backups

    Identify types of RMAN

      specific backups

    Use the RMAN BACKUP

      command to create sets

    Back up the control file

    Back up the archived redo log

      files

    Use the RMAN COPY

      command to create image

      copies

"

RMAN backups are stored in a different format from user-managed backups. You generate an RMAN backup by running the BACKUP command from within the RMAN interface, as in the following example:

RMAN> BACKUP DATABASE;

"

http://download-west.oracle.com/otndoc/oracle9i/901_doc/server.901/a90133/backup.htm#1004940

Making Backups and Copies with Recovery Manager

http://download-west.oracle.com/otndoc/oracle9i/901_doc/server.901/a90135/usingrma.htm#424412  

User-Managed Complete

Recovery

    Describe media recovery

    Perform recovery in

      Noarchivelog mode

    Perform complete recovery in

      Archivelog mode

    Restore datafiles to different

      locations

    Relocate and recover a

      tablespace by using archived

      redo log files

    Describe read-only

      tablespace recovery

"

You have a choice between two basic methods for recovering physical files. You can:

Use the RMAN utility to restore and recover the database

Restore backups by means of operating system utilities, and then recover by executing the SQL*Plus RECOVER command

Whichever method you choose, you can recover a database, tablespace, or datafile. Before performing media recovery, you need to determine which datafiles to recover. Often you can use the fixed view V$RECOVER_FILE. This view lists all files that require recovery and explains the error that necessitates recovery."

http://download-west.oracle.com/otndoc/oracle9i/901_doc/server.901/a90133/recov.htm#1004857

RMAN Complete Recovery

    Describe the use of RMAN for

      restoration and recovery

    Perform recovery in

      Noarchivelog mode

    Perform complete recovery in

      Archivelog mode

    Restore datafiles to different

      locations

    Relocate and recover a

      tablespace by using archived

      redo log files

Restoring and Recovering with Recovery Manager:

http://download-west.oracle.com/otndoc/oracle9i/901_doc/server.901/a90135/rmanreco.htm#1006329

RMAN Concepts II: Restore, Recovery, and Duplication:

http://download-west.oracle.com/otndoc/oracle9i/901_doc/server.901/a90135/rmancona.htm#430706

User-Managed Incomplete

Recovery

    Describe the steps of

      incomplete recovery

    Perform an incomplete

      database recovery

    Identify the loss of current

      online redo log files

RMAN Incomplete Recovery

    Perform an incomplete

      database recovery using

      UNTIL TIME

    Perform an incomplete

      database recovery using

      UNTIL SEQUENCE

RMAN Maintenance

    Perform cross checking of

      backups and copies

    Update the repository when

      backups have been deleted

    Change the availability status

      of backups and copies

    Make a backup or copy

      exempt from the retention

      policy

    Catalog backups made with

      operating system commands

RMAN Concepts III: Maintenance

http://download-west.oracle.com/otndoc/oracle9i/901_doc/server.901/a90135/rmanconb.htm#430706

Recovery Catalog Creation

and Maintenance

    Describe the contents of the

      recovery catalog

    Create the recovery catalog

    Maintain the recovery catalog

      by using RMAN commands

    Use RMAN to register,

      resynchronize, and reset a

      database

    Query the recovery catalog to

      generate reports and lists

    Create, store, and run scripts

    Describe methods for backing

      up and recovering the recovery

      catalog

"

By default, RMAN connects to the target database in NOCATALOG mode, meaning that it uses the control file in the target database as the sole repository of RMAN metadata. Perhaps the most important decision you make when using RMAN is whether to create a recovery catalog as the RMAN repository for normal production operations. A recovery catalog is a schema created in a separate database that contains metadata obtained from the target control file."

http://download-west.oracle.com/otndoc/oracle9i/901_doc/server.901/a90135/preparer.htm#442214

Transporting Data Between

Databases

    Describe the uses of the

      Export and Import utilities

    Describe Export and Import

      concepts and structures

    Perform simple Export and

      Import operations

    List guidelines for using

      Export and Import

Loading Data into a Database

    Demonstrate usage of direct-

      load insert operations

    Describe the usage of

      SQL*Loader

    Perform basic SQL*Loader

      operations

    List guidelines for using

      SQL*Loader and direct-load

      insert

Duplicating a Database with Recovery Manager:

http://download-west.oracle.com/otndoc/oracle9i/901_doc/server.901/a90135/dupdb.htm#441628